what is 1 major challenge facing global south cities?

The complex challenges of urban water systems create barriers to achieving the targets defined by the sustainable development goals (SDGs Milly et al. 2008, Hurlbert and Gupta 2016, Larsen et al.

Urban water systems are wicked, complex, and uncertain, operating against the backdrop of vast environmental degradation, rapid urbanization and climate change impacts (e.g., Milley et al.

Collectively these findings offer insights into how adaptive attributes can inform sustainable transformation processes INTRODUCTION Overall, this study sheds light on the role of adaptive governance in the context of system scales and capacity (i.e., institutional / organizational / individual) and reveals how capacity development is linked to key enabling attributes including multi-level and polycentric institutions, participatory approaches, networking, bridging organizations, and leadership. In contrast, the relatively smaller urban system represented by the secondary city Mymensingh was found to be more open, flexible, showcasing key enabling factors that might support sustainable growth. The research revealed that a large-scale urban system such as Dhaka is currently experiencing “lock-in ” due to ongoing investments in large-scale infrastructure, inappropriate transfer of technology from GN contexts, bureaucratic complexity, and general resistance to change. Following empirical investigations in two cities in Bangladesh, which involved 58 semi-structured interviews, 17 oral histories, and secondary data analysis, and drawing on the adaptive capacity and attributes framework, we examined how scale, capacity, and institutional hybridization might deliver the conditions necessary for guiding a sustainable transformation in water governance. This paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge from the Global South, discussing how adaptive governance operates under different local contexts and conditions. Responding to this call, the Global North (GN) has focused significant evidence-based research on issues of scale, capacity, and institutional arrangements to support such transformations, whereas evidence from the Global South remains nascent. The call for adaptive governance approaches to guide the sustainable transformation of urban water management systems is growing amongst scholars and policy professionals.

What is 1 major challenge facing global south cities?